分词的用法总结

分词作状语的用法总结分词作状语的用法总结

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非谓语动词短语的形式包括动名词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式，它们在句子中可以充当不同的句子成分，本文就来谈一下如何处理考研英语中分词作状语的情况。
一、表时间,可以和时间状语从句互换。如：
Studying in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.
When he studied in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
二、表原因,可以和原因状语从句互换。如：
Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to contact her.
Because I did not know her address, I wasn't able to contact her.
三、表条件,可以和条件状语从句互换。如：
Walking to work, you will save quite a lot of money.
If you walk to work, you will save quite a lot of money.
四、表让步，可以和让步状语从句互换。如：
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
五、表方式，如：
He earns a living driving a truck.
I'm returning you letter as requested.
六、表伴随，如：
Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.(考研阅读真题2014 Text 1)
在这个句子中，delighted分词短语作伴随状语，表示去求职中心的状态。
七、表结果，分词短语作结果状语在考研英语阅读中经常出现，并作为因果逻辑关系的考点出现在题干和选项中，请大家一定要注意非谓语动词短语的这种语法功能。如：
The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. (考研阅读真题2014 Text 2)
在这句话中，tempting分词短语作结果状语，表示最好的律师挣钱很多这种现象带来的结果是引起更多学生考法律学校。题干中的问题是A lot of students take up law as their profession due to，即学生学法律专业的原因是什么，这个问题从上句话中就可以找出答案，是因为经济回报的吸引，即选项the attraction of financial rewards 。
By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. (考研阅读真题2013 Text 1)
在这个句子中，shaking 分词短语作结果状语，表示品牌绑架时尚圈的后果。
Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all. (考研阅读真题2013 Text 3)
在这个句子中，leading分词短语作结果状语，表示科技将治愈人类所有疾病后带来的结果。
八、与逻辑主语构成独立主格，如
Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. (考研阅读真题2013 Text 2)
在这种结构中，需要注意非谓语动词的主语是其前出现的名词或名词短语。Being what it is 的逻辑主语是human nature, 翻译为人类本性就是这样。
现在分词的用法现在分词（present participle）（又称-ing形式，现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，现在分词在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语，状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。
一般式：doing；一般被动式：being done；完成式：having done；完成被动式：having been done 。所有否定式都是在-ing前面加not ，包括独立主格形式。

扩展资料
现在分词变化规则如下：
1、一般情况下，直接在动词后加-ing.
work ---- working
sleep ----- sleeping
study ----- studying
go ---- going
play ----- playing
know ----- knowing
walk------walking
eat------eating
beat-----beating
sing-----singing
2、动词以不发音的-e结尾，要去-e加-ing.
take ----- taking
make ----- making
dance ----- dancing
write-----writing
arrive ----- arriving
come ----- coming
3、以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing（重闭单辅先双写）.
cut ----- cutting
put ----- putting
begin ------ beginning
run------running
stop ----stopping，
prefer---preferring
4、以-ie结尾，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing.
口诀：现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e，除去几个特殊词，系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying，直接ie变成y.
lie ----- lying
tie ----- tying
【分词的用法总结】die ----- dying
分词作定语用法总结分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词，具有形容词功能，同时又表现各种动词性特点，如时态、语态、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。以下是我为大家整理的分词作定语用法总结，希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词，提高英语水平。
分词前置
He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
分词后置 (i.分词词组;ii. 个别分词如given, left; iii. 修饰不定代词 something等)
This is the question given.这是所给的问题
There is nothing interesting.没有有趣的东西
There was a girl sitting there.　有个女孩坐在那里
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系，应用过去分词做定语表被动，相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式，在句中作定语，修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为：
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?

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remain的用法

分词的用法分词分:现在分词doing形式,过去分词done形式.它们的作用各不相同.
现在分词在句子中担任:
Collecing infromation is very inportant to businessme(主语)
The little girl is afraid of going out(宾语)
Your duty will be keeping watch on that house(表语)
Drinking water should be boiled(定语)
Being ill, the student is absent today(状语)
I felt my heart beating wildly(宾补)
注意:在视觉感官动词后的宾补,如果是现在分词,表示那动作正在进行着,I saw him washing his face我看见他正在洗脸.
如果是后跟动词原形,表示那整个动作都了解.I saw the man walk into the hall.我看见那男子走过大厅
过去分词的作用:
She had a worried look on her face (定语)
The work finished ,they had ten day's leave(状语)
He looked worried after reading the letter(表语)
Some of us though the game lost(宾补).
英语中现在分词的用法（一）作定语

1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：

The sleeping boy is Tom.

2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如：

Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.

3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：

Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.

4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：

This is an English-speaking country.

（二）作表语

现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。例如：

The story is moving.

（三）现在分词在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如：

We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系)

I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)

（四）作状语

现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。

1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。例如：

Being ill, Mary didn't come to school yesterday.

2. 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。例如：

Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking.

如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while 。例如：

While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon.

3. 作条件状语。

V-ing 形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：

Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class.

4. 作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。例如：

Weighing almost two hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.

5. 作结果状语。例如：

He died, leaving nothing but debts.

6. 作伴随状语或方式状语。例如：

He sat by the roadside, begging.

（五）现在分词的完成式表示它发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：

Having finished his homework, he left the classroom.

（六）现在分词的被动式

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，用V-ing 形式的被动式。例如：

The factory being built now is a big one.

（七）现在分词的否定形式是由“not + 现在分词”构成。例如：

Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home.